Mechanism for making nuts and the like.



J. R. BLAKESLEE.

MECHANISM FOR MAKING NUTS AND THE LIKE. APPLICATION FILED PHIL/4, 19131,1 19,492. Patented Dec.1,1914.

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J. R. BLAKESLEE.

MECHANISM FOR MAKING NUTS AND THE LIKE. APPLICATION FILED F214, 1912.

1,1 19,492. Patented Dec. 1,1914.

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JOHN R. BLAKESLEE, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR- TO THE AJAXMANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

MECHANISM FOR MAKING NUTS AND THE LIKE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec.1,1914=.

Application filed February 4, 1913. Serial N 0. 746,137.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN R. BLAKESLEE, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Cleveland, county of Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Mechanism for Making Nuts andthe like, of which the following is a specification, the principle ofthe invention being herein explained and the best mode in which I havecontemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguish it from otherinventions.

The present invention relates to machines for making nuts and itsprincipal object is the provision of a machine which will manufacturenuts with a high degree of economy and accuracy.

To the accomplishment of these and related ends said invention thenconsists of the means hereinafter. fully described and particularlypointed out in the claims.

Theannexed drawings and the following description set forth in detailcertain mechanism embodying the invention, such disclosed method andmeans each constituting, however, but one of various forms in which theprinciple of the invention may be used.

In said annexed drawings :Figure 1 is a side elevation of two diescomplementary with two dies not shown, and 'of two reciprocableplungers-cooperative with the dies; Fig. 2 is a front elevation of thedies in closed position; Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the upperreciprocable plunger shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 4c is a front elevation ofthe lower reciprocable plunger; Fig. 5 is a broken, partly sectionedview of the bar of stock; Fig. 6 is a similar View of the bar of stockafter a nut has been severed from it; Fig. 7 is a sectional view of thebar of stock after the first operation of the machine; Fig. 8 is an endelevation thereof; Fig. 9 is a side elevation of a completed nut andFig.

.10 is a front elevation thereof.

diagrammatically illustrated. Two dies 2 are mounted on the bed, onefixedly and one transversely reciprocable and above the dies 2, two dies3 are similarly mounted, the dies 3 being either separate from the dies2 or integral therewith, as shown in the drawings. A plunger 4: suitablysupported, is reciprocable toward and from the dies 2, and a plunger 5is reciprocable toward and from the dies 3, and the two plungers may bereciprocable in unison or individually.

, The two dies 2 are formed longitudinally with complementary recesses 6adapted when the dies are closed, to grip a bar of stock extendingthrough the dies, and this recess in the closed dies will preferably andgenerally be cylindrical in cross section. In the front face of the dies2 are formed two complementary recesses 7 which are of the crosssectional shape of the nut the machine is designed to manufacture. Thereciprocable plunger 4 which is disposed opdependence placed upon arecess 7 to form the nut... A punch 9 projects from the front face ofthe plunger 4 and its body is of uniform cross sectional shape and atleast co-extensive in cross sectional area with the recess 6 with whichit is alined; the uniform body of the punch 9 has at its end a conicalportion 10, the base of which is of less width than they body 9, so,that a shoulder 19 is left at theend of the punch. The length of thebody of the punch projecting beyond the face of the plunger 4 is lessthan the depth of the recess 7, so that when the plunger is in advanceposition the punch will extend into the recess but will not extend tothe inner end thereof. i

The diesB are formed with complementary recesses 11 and the recessformed there- 'by when the dies are closed is slightly larger than therecess 6 of'the closed dies 2. The end of the recess 11 toward the frontface of the dies opens into a recess 12 formed by complementary recessesin the two dies 3, the recess 12 being of the same cross sectional shapeas the recess 7. The recess 12, however, is formed between its ends witha peripheral enlargement 13 and the portion of the recess 12 inwardlybeyond the enlargement 13 is of greater depth. than the depth of therecess 7 and preferably greater than the depth of the nut to be made. Apreferable construction of the dies 3, in order to form the enlargement13, is to bolt a plate 29 between plate 30 and the face of the dies 8,the plate 30 having an opening conforming with the recess in the diesthemselves, while the plate is formed with the enlarged opening 13. Aplate 1% is bolted outside of the plate 30, and is formed with anopening 15 of substantially the same size as the recess 11, and servesin the operation of the machine as a stripping plate. The plunger 5carries a punch 16, the body of which is of uniform size in crosssection, and at least coextensive in cross sectional area with the barof stock, the body having at its end a conical projection 17, of suchsize as to leave a shoulder 18 at the end of the body of the punch. Thepunch 16 is so positioned that in its advance position the end of thebody thereof will extend beyond the inner end of the recess 12.

In operation, the plungers being retracted and the dies 2 and 3 beingtransversely sepa rated, a bar of stock is fed forwardly between thedies 2, and the reciprocable die is advanced to grip the stock in therecess 6 with a portion of the stock projecting beyond the face of thedies 2. The plunger 4 is then advanced and the end of the stock is upsetand is formed by the complementary recesses 7 and S into the desiredshape of the finished nut. At the same time the punch 9 enters theformed end of the bar of stock and partially punches therethrough a holeof the size desired in the finished nut, this hole terminating at itsinner end in a conical depression. In Fig. 5 is shown a bar of stock 20as it is first fed into the dies 2 and after the actuation of theplunger 4:

' the end of the bar assumes the form shown in Fig. 7 which illustratesthe formed end 22 with the flash 23 formed by the spread of the metalbetween the faces of the die and plunger, the hole 2 1 extendingpartially through the formed end 22 and terminating in a conicaldepression 25. The plunger 1 is then retracted and the dies 2 and 3separated byimovement of the reciprocable pair of dies, and the bar ofstock having a formed end is transferred to the recess 11 in one of thedies 3, and the dies closed. When the dies are closed, the flash 23 liesin the enlarged opening 13, while the body of the formed end 22 of thebar of stock lies in the recess 12 on both sides of the enlargement 13.The plunger 5 is then advanced until the conical end of the punch entersthe conical depression at the inner end of the hole in the formed end ofthe bar of stock and continued advancement of the punch forces the stockbackwardly through the dies 3, this being permitted because the recess11 is larger than the bar of stock, and because a very slight clearanceis left in the recess 12 and also, of course, because the portion of therecess 12 inwardly beyond the opening 13' is deeper than the recess 7 inthe dies 2, and hence deeper than the portion of the formed stockinwardly beyond the flash. As the stock is thus forced back until theinner side of the formed end of the stock comes in contact with theinner end of the recess 12, the flash is trimmed off by the edge of theinner portion of the recess 12, and as the punch still continuesthereafter to advance until the end of the body portion reaches theinner end of the recess 12, it punches the hole entirely through theformed end of the bar of stock and thereby severs such end from theremainder of the bar, while the conical end of the punch preserves inthe end of the bar of stock, from which the formed end is severed, theconical depression which was initially formed by the end of the punch 9.The dies 3 are then opened and the finished nut 26 with its hole 27 isremoved, and the bar of stock is transferred to the dies 2 and the cycleof operations continued. After the bar of stock has been first actedupon in the dies 2, it is formed at its end, after severance of acompleted nut, with a conical depression 25 and a slightly enlargedportion 28, as shown in Fig. 6. The enlarged portion 28 is due to thefact that the recess 11 is slightly larger than the bar of stock,

and the stock is forced outwardly at its end by the action of the punch16. The conical depression in the end of the bar of stock is preservedfrom its first formation during the making of the first nut, until thebar of stock has been completely worked. l/Vhen the bar with suchdepression is operated upon in the dies 2, the conical depressioncenters the punch 9 and thereby avoids buckling of the bar between thedies and the punch, and furthermore the slight enlargement 28 at the endof the bar requires less metal to be upset by the forming dies. l/Vhenthe initially formed bar is transferred to the dies 8, the partiallyformed hole in the upset end of the bar, together with the conicaldepression at the inner end thereof Claims for the process practised bythe machine of this application have been pre.

sented in a divisional application filed May 2, 1914;, Serial Number835,865.

Other modes of applying the principle of my invention may be employedinstead of the one explained, change being made as regards the mechanismherein disclosed, provided the means stated by any of the followingclaims or the equivalent of such stated means be employed.

I therefore claim 1. In a machine of the class described, thecombination of separable dies having a forming recess through which abar of stock may extend; a. reciprocable upsetting plunger opposite thedies and provided with a punch projecting from the face of the plungerless than the depth of the forming recess; separable dies for holdingthe bar of stock with a formed end, and having a recess of the samecrosssectional shape as the forming recess; and a reciprocable punchopposite the last-named dies and adapted, in advanced position, toextend to the inner end of the recess in such dies.

2. In a machine of the class described, the combination of separabledies having a forming recess through which a bar of stock may extend; areciprocable upsetting plunger opposite the dies and provided with apunch projecting from the face of the plunger less than the depth of theforming recess; separable dies for loosely holding the bar of stock witha formed end, and having a recess of the same cross-sectional shape asthe forming recess, the recess having a peripheral enlargement betweenits ends and the depth of the recess inwardly from such enlargementbeing greater than the depth of the forming recess; and a reciprocablepunch opposite the last-named dies and adapted, in advanced position, toextend to the inner end of the recess in such dies.

3. In a machine of the class described, the combination of separabledies having a forming recess through which a bar of stock may extend; areciprocable upsetting plunger opposite the dies and provided with apunch having a conical projection at the end .of its body, the body ofthe punch projecting from I the face of the plunger less than the depthof the forming recess; separable dies for holding the bar of stock withaformed end, and having a recess of the same cross-sectional shape as theforming recess; and a reciprocable punch opposite the last-named diesand having a conical projection at the end of its body, the body of thepunch being adapted, in advanced position, to extend to the inner end ofthe recess in such dies.

l. In a machine of the class described, the combination of separabledies having a forming recess through which a bar of stock-may,

extend; a reciprocable upsetting plunger opposite the dies and providedwith a punch having a conical projection at the end of its body, thebody of the punch projecting from the face of the plunger less than thedepth of the forming recess; separable dies for loosely holding the bar,of stock with a formed end, and having a recess of the samecross-sectional shape as the forming recess, the recess having aperipheral enlargement between its ends and the depth of the recessinwardly from such enlargement being greater than the depth of theforming recess; and a reciprocable punch opposite the last-named diesand having a conical projection at the end of its body, the body of thepunch being adapted, in advanced position, to extend to the inner end ofthe recess in such dies.

5. In a machine of the class described, the combination of separabledies having a forming recess through which a bar of stock may extend; areciprocable upsetting plunger opposite the dies and provided with apunch having a conical projection at the end of its body, the body ofthe punch projecting from the face of the plunger less than the depth ofthe forming recess; separable dies for loosely holding the bar of stockwith a formed end, and having a recess of the same cross-sectional shapeas the forming recess, the recess having a peripheral enlargementbetween its ends and the depth of the recess inwardly from suchenlargement being greater than the depth of the forming recess; areciprocable punch opposite the last- I named dies and having a conicalprojection at the end of its body, the body of the punch being adapted,in advanced position, to extend to the inner end of the recess in suchdies; and an inwardly directed shoulder at the outer end of such recess.

Signed by me this 1st day of February,

JOHN BLAKESLEE.

Attested by i I R. K. Drssn'r'rn, H. J. GrBBoNs.

Copies of this patent may be obtained tar five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0.

